These Products are useful in removing the
metabolites created by use of this drug from your body for a
specific period of time. and could be used to help detoxify the
body in a shorter period of time that might happen should the
body be let to detoxify naturally. ATC does not condone
the use of these products for any purposes that can be illegal
in certain areas such as reducing the chance of failing a drug
test.
|
Urine Drug Test |
Hair Drug Test |
|
+

New & Improved
XXtra Clean
Free PreCleanse
($10 Value) |
+

New & Improved
Ready Clean
Free PreCleanse
($10 Value) |

PreCleanse
6 Herbal Capsules |

RU Clean
6 Panel Home Test |

Ultra
Clean
Simple To use |
|
For Heavy Users
 |
For Casual Users
 |
Boost Cleansing
 |
Test Yourself
 |
Hair Shampoo
 |
|
List $59.90
Now $44.95
Save $15 or 25%
|
List $44.90
Now $29.95
Save $15 or 33%
|
List $9.95
Now $8.95
Save $1 or 10%
|
List $19.95
Now $14.95
Save $5 or 25%
|
List $39.95
Now $29.95
Save $10 or 25%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hydromorphone
Hydrocodone or
dihydrocodeinone is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from two of
the naturally occurring opiates codeine and thebaine.
Hydrocodone is an orally active narcotic analgesic and
antitussive. It is commonly available in tablet, capsule, and
syrup form, and is often compounded with other analgesics like
paracetamol or ibuprofen. It is marketed, in its varying forms,
under a number of trademarks, including Vicodin, Symtan, Anexsia,
Dicodid, Hycodan (or generically Hydromet), Hycomine, Hycet,
Lorcet, Lortab, Norco, Novahistex, Hydrovo, Duodin, Kolikodol,
Orthoxycol, Mercodinone, Synkonin, Norgan, and Hydrokon.
Hydrocodone was first synthesized in Germany in 1920[1] and was
approved by the Food and Drug Administration on 23 March 1943
for sale in the United States under the brand name Hycodan.[2][3]
The particular niche in which hydrocodone is most commonly used
is as an intermediate-strength centrally acting analgesic and
strong cough suppressant, especially in those for whom histamine
release and attendant itching from codeine is a problem. For the
latter indication, at the 5- to 10-mg dose range, hydrocodone is
more powerful than most cough suppressants, being roughly equal
to its derivative Dihydrocodeinone enol acetate, with the top of
the list being hydromorphone (Dilaudid Cough Syrup) and
methadone (Methadone linctus, about 33 percent the concentration
of the liquid used for opioid physical dependence maintenance or
detoxification) and dihydrocodeine being right below, as is
morphine. The experiments in dogs conducted by Winder and
Rosière in the mid-1950s reported in the Journal of Pharmacology
in 1955 indicate that hydrocodone is 12 times stronger than
codeine as an antitussive (morphine 14x, methadone 9x), and
other tests from 1920 forward showed it was about six times
stronger as an analgesic.
Hydromorphone, a more common synonym for dihydromorphinone and
dimorphone, commonly a hydrochloride (trade names Palladone,
Palladone SR, Dilaudid and numerous others) is a potent
centrally-acting analgesic drug of the opioid class; it is a
derivative of morphine, specifically a hydrogenated ketone
thereof—therefore a semi-synthetic drug and both an opiate and a
true narcotic. It should not be confused with hydromorphinol,
also known as 14-hydroxydihydromorphine and RAM-320 nor
dihydromorphine (Paramorfan). While all of these are strong
opioids, they are indeed different drugs. Additional confusion
here comes from the fact that in a handful of countries
hydromorphinol is distributed under the trade name Numorphan,
which is the trade name for oxymorphone in the rest of the world
according to the current version of The A-Z Encyclopaedia of
Alcohol & Drug Abuse and other references.
As explored below, hydromorphone is made from morphine via
catalytic hydrogenation and is also produced in trace amounts by
human and other mammalian metabolism of morphine and
occasionally appears in assays of opium latex in very small
quantities, apparently forming in the plant in an unknown
percentage of cases under poorly-understood conditions.
Hydromorphone is used in medicine as an alternative to morphine
and diacetylmorphine for analgesia and as a second- or
third-line narcotic antitussive (cough suppressant) for cases of
dry, painful, paroxysmal coughing resulting from continuing
bronchial irritation after influenza and other ailments,
inhalation of fungus and other causes, and is generally regarded
to be the strongest of the latter class of drugs, and was
developed shortly after another powerful antitussive, heroin,
was removed from clinical use for this purpose in most of the
world and in many countries banned outright. Part of the
effectiveness of hydrocodone for this purpose may be due to part
of the dose being converted to hydromorphone in the liver.
Uses
Hydromorphone is used to relieve moderate to severe pain and
severe, painful dry coughing. As explored in detail below,
hydromorphone is becoming more popular in the treatment of
chronic pain in many countries, and it is used as a substitute
for heroin and morphine where one or both of these drugs are not
marketed. Hydromorphone is preferred even over morphine in many
cases ranging from the emergency department to the operating
suite to ongoing treatment of chronic pain syndromes on account
of hydromorphone's superior solubility and speed of onset and
less troublesome side effect profile and lower dependence
liability as compared to morphine and heroin. Hydromorphone is
thought to be 2-4 times stronger than morphine, but with a lower
dependence liability. However other studies have suggested
hydromorphone is less than twice as potent as hydrocodone or
oxycodone and therefore just over twice as strong as morphine
via oral administration.[3]
Hydromorphone's side effect profile is closer to that of
dihydromorphine than that of morphine or heroin and importantly
produces less nausea and vomiting and fewer histamine-related
side effects (itching, redness of skin, &c.) than morphine as a
result. In cases where significant doses are anticipated,
hydromorphone may be easier to titrate to the needed dose for
this and other related reasons. Like all other opioid
analgesics, tolerance develops with repeated administration and
there is no true maximum dose, although requirements for pain
relief can often remain more or less constant for extended
periods after initial titration and tolerance does indeed
commonly follow a course of plateaus of this type interspersed
with comparatively infrequent escalations of varying intensity
and in some cases the opportunity to titrate downwards as well.
Illicit Use
Hydromorphone appears on the street to an extent, with more than
99% sourced from patients selling prescriptions, armed robbery,
and burglary of pharmacies. Slang terms for it include D, dilly,
dillies, dill, k4, k1, k2, k3, k8, M8, Big D, Super 8, Hydro,
M-80s, white triangle, moose, hospital heroin, drugstore heroin,
shake & bake, peaches, and others. The equipotency of price to
dosage ranks hydromorphone among the highest priced of all
opioids for sale on the street. Both licit and illicit users as
well as older pharmacists and doctors refer to hydromorphone
tablets by their hydromorphone content in fractions of a grain
(e.g. a "sixteenth" is a 4 mg tablet, an "eighth" is 8 mg, a
"thirty-second" is 2 mg, 1 mg tablets are "sixty-fourths", the 3
mg tablet is a "three sixty-fourth" and long term Dilaudid users
both licit and illicit as well as pharmacists may remember
quarter-grain (16 mg) tablets back in the day.
Capsules of up to 36 mg hydromorphone are also available on the
street. Despite this large dose, they are not highly sought
after when there is a choice between them and the traditional 2,
4, and 8 milligram tablets. The capsules are large and brightly
colored (yellow for 18 mg, red for 30 mg), and within they
contain tiny beads which are maddeningly hard, which no amount
of cooking will break apart. The only way to break them to a
powder is by brute force, with a heavy mortar, stories are heard
of coffee grinders. The beads are not like those found in many
pharmaceuticals which melt or break apart easily, but are closer
to those found in Kadian brand 100 mg morphine capsules.
Although this prevents easy injection, it seems likely that the
true intent of the manufacturer was to ensure the slow
dissolution of a large dose of narcotics in the patients
stomach.
The clandestine production of hydromorphone is an only
moderately difficult proposition which calls for equipment and
other tools readily available (although expensive in the case of
Column VII catalysts like Platina Black or collodial platinum)
and it is possible via catalytic hydrogenation of morphine or
demethylation of hydrocodone. One sticking point: purified
hydrocodone or starting quantities on the order of 3 grammes or
more of morphine are required. The details for the former case
are available in German patents from the middle 1930s op. cit.
which show several methods of creating dihydromorphinone class
semi-synthetics; some of the methods which do not require
hydrogen gas have yields of upwards of 70 per cent.
The aforementioned increase in licit use has, with time, led to
downward price pressure both from changes in the simple supply
and demand equation that governs all commerce and the fact that
the low bioavailability of hydromorphone as compared to
oxycodone means that a given reseller's clientele will usually
have a large contingent of non-needle-using customers who may
have tried hydromorphone by mouth and been disappointed and who
want oxycodone, hydrocodone, and to a lesser extent codeine and
dihydrocodeine, therefore affecting the demand side of the
equation as well.
Withdrawal
The short length of action of hydromorphone and other metabolic
factors mean that the abstinence syndrome (withdrawal) is brief
but intense; a heavy and/or long-term user of hydromorphone
opting or otherwise forced to quit "cold turkey" can expect a
withdrawal syndrome as intense as that of morphine but much more
severe in that it is compressed into a spike which will peak in
14 to 21 hours and resolve in 36 to 72 hours, provided they were
not taking other longer-acting opioids, or have abnormalities in
drug metabolism and/or liver or kidney function. All of the
effects of hydromorphone and its attendant withdrawal syndrome
can be significantly lengthened by such factors; possible but
less common is the opposite: some patients require oral doses of
hydromorphone as frequently as every 90 minutes and the
withdrawal syndrome would compress into an even more violent
spike which can peak in as little as 9 hours.
Brand names and dosage forms
Hydromorphone is known in various countries around the world by
the trade names Hydal, Sophidone, Hydrostat, Hydromorfan,
Hydromorphan, Laudicon, Hymorphan, Opidol, Palladone and others
(Warning: The brand names are inconsistent from country to
country.). An extended-release version of hydromorphone called
Palladone was available for a short time in the United States
before being voluntarily withdrawn from the market after an FDA
advisory released in July 2005 warned of a high overdose
potential when taken with alcohol; it is still available in the
United Kingdom under the brand name Palladone SR as of March
2007, and in most other European countries. Another
extended-release version called Hydromorph Contin, manufactured
as controlled release capsules, continues to be produced and
distributed in Canada by Purdue Pharma Inc. in Pickering,
Ontario. In addition to Purdue-Frederick, other manufacturers of
hydromorphone products include Ethex, Knoll, Abbott, Endo,
Mallinkroft, Merck, Mundipharma, and Lannacher amongst others.
Side effects
Adverse effects of hydromorphone are similar to those of other
opioid analgesics, such as morphine. The major hazards of
hydromorphone include dose-related respiratory depression and
sometimes circulatory depression.[6] More common side effects
include light-headedness, dizziness, sedation, constipation,
nausea, vomiting, and sweating.[6] Massive overdoses are rarely
observed in opioid tolerant individuals, but when they occur
they may lead to circulatory system collapse. A particular
problem that may occur with hydromorphone is accidental
administration instead of morphine due to a mix-up between the
similar names, either at the time the prescription is written or
when the drug is dispensed. This has led to several deaths and
calls for hydromorphone to be distributed in distinctly
different packaging to morphine to avoid confusion.[7][8] The
effects of overdose can be exaggerated by dose dumping if the
medication is taken with alcohol or benzodiazepines.[9]
A possible and likely side effect associated with hydromorphone
is euphoria, achieved dually through a perceived effect from the
transition of a state of pain to a state of pain-relief induced
through opioids, or through direct stimulation of the μ opioid
receptor (μ1 and μ2) [of which hydromorphone, related to the
morphine molecule, is a primary μ agonist]. Although this can
lead to addiction and reward-seeking behavior, it has been
demonstrated that when opioids are taken for pain relief,
patients are very unlikely to misuse the drug (see Opioids).
Nevertheless, there is a certain risk of abuse and dependence
among patients prescribed any opioid, including hydromorphone.[10]
A question long debated in medicine has been whether or not
addiction potential and analgesia are separable; the existence
of drugs such as cyclazocine and other benzomorphans may point
to the con side of the debate yet it is easy to understand why a
drug which acts against all components of pain in the way that
opioids would generate a seek orientation, morbid or not, in any
organism under consideration, from fish to frogs to rats to
monkeys to people.
How To Pass A Drug Urine Test For
Hydromorphone. Learn Detection Times and Cut Off Levels:
-
How long the drugs will be detectable depends on which resource
you consult. We have provided a list of conservative
Drug Detection Times provided by
the manufactures of the drug tests.
-
For the cutoff levels of commonly abused drugs and more about
drug testing take a look at
Drug Testing Cutoff Levels.
Back To Index