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Harm reduction is a public
health philosophy that seeks to lessen the dangers that drug abuse and our drug
policies cause to society. A harm reduction strategy is a comprehensive approach
to drug abuse and drug policy. Harm reduction's complexity lends to its
misperception as a drug legalization tool.
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Harm reduction rests on
several basic assumptions. A basic tenet of harm reduction is that there has
never been, is not now, and never will be a drug-free society.
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A harm reduction strategy
seeks pragmatic solutions to the harms that drugs and drug policies cause.
It has been said that harm reduction is not what's nice, it's what works.
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A harm reduction approach
acknowledges that there is no ultimate solution to the problem of drugs in a
free society, and that many different interventions may work. Those
interventions should be based on science, compassion, health and human
rights.
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A harm reduction strategy
demands new outcome measurements. Whereas the success of current drug
policies is primarily measured by the change in use rates, the success of a
harm reduction strategy is measured by the change in rates of death,
disease, crime and suffering.
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Because incarceration
does little to reduce the harms that ever-present drugs cause to our
society, a harm reduction approach favors treatment of drug addiction by
health care professionals over incarceration in the penal system.
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Because some drugs, such
as marijuana, have proven medicinal uses, a harm reduction strategy not only
seeks to reduce the harm that drugs cause, but also to maximize their
potential benefits.
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A harm reduction strategy
recognizes that some drugs, such as marijuana, are less harmful than others,
such as cocaine and alcohol. Harm reduction mandates that the emphasis on
intervention should be based on the relative harmfulness of the drug to
society.
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A harm reduction approach
advocates lessening the harms of drugs through education, prevention, and
treatment.
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Harm reduction seeks to
reduce the harms of drug policies dependent on an over-emphasis on
interdiction, such as arrest, incarceration, establishment of a felony
record, lack of treatment, lack of adequate information about drugs, the
expansion of military source control intervention efforts in other
countries, and intrusion on personal freedoms.
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Harm reduction also seeks
to reduce the harms caused by an over-emphasis on prohibition, such as
increased purity, black market adulterants, black market sale to minors, and
black market crime.
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A harm reduction strategy
seeks to protect youth from the dangers of drugs by offering factual,
science-based drug education and eliminating youth's black market exposure
to drugs.
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Finally, harm reduction
seeks to restore basic human dignity to dealing with the disease of
addiction.
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